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Ser, estar and negatives in Spanish

MFL, Spanish grammar. Usually met in years 7 to 11.

Choose between ser and estar, the two Spanish verbs for “to be”, and make sentences negative.

What you practise

Starts with clear cases and builds to sentences where the choice changes the meaning. Practice moves up a level when a round goes well and down when it does not.

Sample questions

Each sample comes with the method and the reason every wrong option is wrong. Real practice rounds are ten questions at your level.

Sample question, level 2 of 5

Which completes ‘Mi padre ___ alto’ (My father is tall)?

  1. estoy
  2. está
  3. soy
  4. son
  5. es
Show the answer and method

Answer: E, es

The method: What someone is like uses ser: mi padre es alto.

Why the other options are wrong:

  • A, estoy: Estoy is ‘I am’, with estar.
  • B, está: Being tall is what he is like, so use ser, not estar.
  • C, soy: Soy is ‘I am’.
  • D, son: Son is ‘they are’.

Sample question, level 4 of 5

Which completes ‘Estoy ___ los deberes’ (I am doing my homework)?

  1. haciendo
  2. hacer
  3. hago
  4. hacía
  5. hecho
Show the answer and method

Answer: A, haciendo

The method: Estar with the -ando or -iendo form means doing something right now: estoy haciendo.

Why the other options are wrong:

  • B, hacer: The infinitive does not follow estar.
  • C, hago: After estar, use the -ando or -iendo form.
  • D, hacía: Hacía is the imperfect tense.
  • E, hecho: Hecho means done.

See where this fits: every language topic and Key Stage 3.

Related topics: Present tense, Past tense (preterite), Future tense, Gender and agreement.